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Find MND Biomarker

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Find MND Biomarker

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Find MND Biomarker

Welcome to FindMNDBiomarker, an integrative database that consolidates the proteomic findings in brain tissue and biofluids (CSF and blood) from patients with motor neuron disease (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). FindMNDBiomarker is designed for users to quickly assess whether their proteins of interest have been identified in other cohorts and biosamples from patients with MND/ALS.

Purpose: The goal of this search platform is to facilitate the comparison and discovery of proteins that may serve as promising and reproducible biofluid biomarkers of brain-specific changes in MND/ALS and to identify markers that should be further targeted for analyses and validation.

Using this database: Searches can be performed by entering the protein UniProt IDs, names and sample types into the relevant search term box using free text entry. For example, entering ‘NEFL’ will generate a list of all publications in which NEFL was identified to be significantly dysregulated.

A searchable and filterable table is provided with the following columns:

  • Name: Gene name corresponding to the UniProt ID
  • UniProt ID: UniProt accession number
  • Publication: Study Reference
  • Condition: e.g.ALS – Control, ALS Fast – ALS Slow
  • Sample Type: Sample type used (Abbreviations: SMNs, single motor neurons; AH, anterior horn; PH, posterior horn)
  • Regulation: Direction of change (upregulated or downregulated)
  • Cohorts: Cohort size used for each study
  • Average age at onset ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at onset of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
  • Average age at collection ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at collection of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
  • Average PMI (range) (hours): Average postmortem interval with range (if provided by tissue studies)

To cite this database: Further details and application of this search tool are described in our manuscript “title” that can be located with this DOI:

The FindMNDBiomarker Program: Protein Changes in Motor Neuron Disease/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Postmortem Tissue and Biofluids 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.27300

Contact: For help contact [email protected]
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Total Records Found: 4574, showing 100 per page
Biomarker NameUniProt IDPublicationDisease GroupComparator GroupSample TypeRegulationCohortsAverage age at onsetAverage age at collectionAverage PMI
PCDHAC2 Q9Y5I4 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PCDHA9 Q9Y5H5 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PCDHA6 Q9UN73 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PCDH9 Q9HC56 Zhou et al. 2023 BO-ALS Control CSF Up 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
PCDH8 O95206 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PCDH19 Q8TAB3 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
PCDH18 Q9HCL0 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
PCDH17 O14917 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PCDH17 O14917 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PCDH10 Q9P2E7 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
PCDH10 Q9P2E7 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PCDH1 Q08174 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PCCB P05166 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
PCBP3 P57721 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
PCBP2 Q15366 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
PCBP1 Q15365 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
PCBP1 Q15365 Zubiri et al. 2018 Late ALS (ALS slow cohort) Early ALS (ALS slow cohort) Plasma Down 6 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) N/A N/A
PCBP1 Q15365 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PCBD2 H0YA52 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
PCBD1 P61457 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
PC P11498 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PBXIP1 Q96AQ6 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
PARP1 P09874 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PARK7 Q99497 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PARK7 Q99497 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PARK7 Q99497 Filareti et al. 2017 Late ALS Early ALS PBMCs Down 16 Early-ALS, 16 Late-ALS N/A 50 ± 5 (Early-ALS), 80 ± 4 (Late-ALS) N/A
PARK7 Q99497 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PARK7 Q99497 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
PAPPA2 Q9BXP8 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PAPPA2 Q9BXP8 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PAPPA2 Q9BXP8 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PAPLN O95428 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
PAPLN O95428 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
PAMR1 Q6UXH9 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
PAM P19021 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PALLD Q8WX93 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Up 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
PALLD Q8WX93 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Up 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
PAK1 Q13153 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PAICS P22234 Collins et al. 2015 ALS Control CSF Up 90 ALS, 80 control N/A N/A N/A
PAFAH1B2 P68402 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
PAFAH1B1 P43034 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
PADI6 Q6TGC4 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
PADI2 Q9Y2J8 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PACSIN1 Q9BY11 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
PABPC1 E7EQV3 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PABPC1 A0A087WTT1 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
PAAF1 Q9BRP4 Andrés-Benito et al. 2020 ALS Control CSF Down 15 ALS, 15 control N/A 61 ± 10.8 N/A
PA2G4 Q9UQ80 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
P4HB P07237 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Up 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
P4HB P07237 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
P4HB P07237 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
P4HB P07237 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
OXR1 Q8N573 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OXCT1 P55809 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
OXCT1 P55809 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OTUD7A Q8TE49 Collins et al. 2015 ALS Control CSF Up 90 ALS, 80 control N/A N/A N/A
OTUB1 F5GYN4 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OSMR Q99650 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OSMR Q99650 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
OSMR Q99650 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OSMR Q99650 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OSCAR Q8IYS5 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OSCAR Q8IYS5 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
OSCAR Q8IYS5 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
OSBPL3 Q9H4L5 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
ORM2 P19652 Vu et al. 2023 ALS fast ALS slow CSF Up 6 ALS-fast, 5 ALS-slow 54.3 (ALS-fast), 43.4 (ALS-slow) 55.3 (ALS-fast), 52.2 (ALS-slow) N/A
ORM1 P02763 Vilardo et al. 2024 ALS (validation cohort) ALS (validation cohort) Plasma EVs Up 61 ALS, 30 control N/A 62.88 ± 12.60 N/A
ORM1 P02763 Xu et al. 2018 ALS Control Plasma Up 42 ALS, 18 control N/A 61.8 ± 9.6 N/A
ORM1 P02763 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
ORM1 P02763 Chen et al. 2016 ALS Control CSF Down 35 ALS, 10 control N/A 52.7 ±12.13 N/A
ORM1 P02763 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Up 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
OR51E2 Q9H255 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OPTN Q96CV9 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
OPCML Q14982 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OPCML Q14982 Vu et al. 2023 ALS fast ALS slow CSF Up 6 ALS-fast, 5 ALS-slow 54.3 (ALS-fast), 43.4 (ALS-slow) 55.3 (ALS-fast), 52.2 (ALS-slow)
OMG P23515 Collins et al. 2015 ALS Control CSF Down 90 ALS, 80 control N/A N/A N/A
OMG P23515 Zhou et al. 2023 BO-ALS Control CSF Up 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
OMG P23515 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
OMD Q99983 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OMD Q99983 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
OLR1 P78380 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
OLFML3 Q9NRN5 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OLFML2A Q68BL7 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OLFML2A Q68BL7 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OLFML1 Q6UWY5 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OLFML1 Q6UWY5 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OLFML1 Q6UWY5 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
OLFM3 Q96PB7 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OLFM3 Q96PB7 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OLFL3 Q9NRN5 Andrés-Benito et al. 2020 ALS Control CSF Up 15 ALS, 15 control N/A 61 ± 10.8 N/A
OGN P20774 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
OGN P20774 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
OGDHL Q9ULD0 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OGDH Q02218 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
OGDH Q02218 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OGDH E9PFG7 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
OCIAD1 Q9NX40 Umoh et al. 2018 ALS Control Frontal cortex Down 19 ALS, 10 control 55 59 10.6
OAF Q86UD1 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
OAF Q86UD1 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
NXPH4 O95158 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A