Welcome to FindMNDBiomarker, an integrative database that consolidates the proteomic findings in brain tissue and biofluids (CSF and blood) from patients with motor neuron disease (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). FightMNDBiomarker is designed for users to quickly assess whether their proteins of interest have been identified in other cohorts and biosamples from patients with MND/ALS.
Purpose: The goal of this search platform is to facilitate the comparison and discovery of proteins that may serve as promising and reproducible biofluid biomarkers of brain-specific changes in MND/ALS and to identify markers that should be further targeted for analyses and validation.
Using this database: Searches can be performed by entering the protein UniProt IDs, names and sample types into the relevant search term box using free text entry. For example, entering ‘NEFL’ will generate a list of all publications in which NEFL was identified to be significantly dysregulated.
A searchable and filterable table is provided with the following columns:
- Name: Gene name corresponding to the UniProt ID
- UniProt ID: UniProt accession number
- Publication: Study Reference
- Condition: e.g.ALS – Control, ALS Fast – ALS Slow
- Sample Type: Sample type used (Abbreviations: SMNs, single motor neurons; AH, anterior horn; PH, posterior horn)
- Regulation: Direction of change (upregulated or downregulated)
- Cohorts: Cohort size used for each study
- Average age at onset ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at onset of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
- Average age at collection ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at collection of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
- Average PMI (range) (hours): Average postmortem interval with range (if provided by tissue studies)
To cite this database: Further details and application of this search tool are described in our manuscript “title” that can be located with this DOI: _____
Contact: For help contact rachel.tan1@sydney.edu.au
| Biomarker Name | UniProt ID | Publication | Condition | Sample Type | Regulation | Cohorts | Average age at onset | Average age at collection | Average PMI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HNRNPA2B1 | P22626 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HNRNPA1 | P09651 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| HNMT | P50135 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Up | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HMGN4 | O00479 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | ALS fast – ALS slow (late stage) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HMGN4 | O00479 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | Late ALS – Early ALS (ALS slow cohort) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HMGCS1 | Q01581 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Down | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HMGB2 | P26583 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HMGB2 | P26583 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Down | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HMGB2 | P26583 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Down | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HMGB2 | P26583 | Seyfried et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Prefrontal cortex | Down | 8 ALS, 8 control | 60 | 63.5 | 9.1 |
| HMGB1;HMGB1P1 | P09429 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HMGB1 | P09429 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Down | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HMGB1 | P09429 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| HMGA1 | P17096 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HMCN1 | Q96RW7 | Zhou et al. 2023 | BO-ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control | 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) | 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) | |
| HLA-E | P13747 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HLA-DRB1 | P13760 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HLA-DRA | P01903 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HLA-C | Q95604 | Leoni et al. 2019 | ALS fast – ALS slow (BO cohort) | PBMCs | Up | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HLA-C | Q95604 | Leoni et al. 2019 | ALS fast – ALS slow (LO cohort) | PBMCs | Up | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HLA-A | P01892 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Up | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HLA-A | Q5SRN5 | Vassileff et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Motor Cortex EVs | Down | 7 ALS, 3 control | |||
| HLA | P01903 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| HIST2H2AB | Q8IUE6 | Seyfried et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Prefrontal cortex | Up | 8 ALS, 8 control | 60 | 63.5 | 9.1 |
| HIST1H4A | P62805 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 26 ALS, 16 control | |||
| HIST1H4A | P62805 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | ALS fast – ALS slow (late stage) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HIST1H4A | P62805 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | Late ALS – Early ALS (ALS slow cohort) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HIST1H4A | P62805 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | gALS – Control | CSF | Down | 14 gALS, 16 control | 54 (52-69) | 62 (53-75) | |
| HIST1H2BL | Q99880 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 26 ALS, 16 control | |||
| HIST1H2BL | Q99880 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | gALS – Control | CSF | Down | 14 gALS, 16 control | 54 (52-69) | 62 (53-75) | |
| HIST1H1C | P16403 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 26 ALS, 16 control | |||
| HIST1H1C | P16403 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | gALS – Control | CSF | Down | 14 gALS, 16 control | 54 (52-69) | 62 (53-75) | |
| HINT3 | Q9NQE9 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Down | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HINT2 | Q9BX68 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HINT1 | P49773 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HINT1 | P49773 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Down | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HIGD1A | C9JNU6 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Down | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HHIP | Q96QV1 | Collins et al. 2015 | ALS – Control | CSF | Up | 90 ALS, 80 control | |||
| HEPH | Q9BQS7 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| HECTD4 | Q9Y4D8 | Seyfried et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Prefrontal cortex | Down | 8 ALS, 8 control | 60 | 63.5 | 9.1 |
| HECTD4 | J3KPF0 | Andrés-Benito et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | CSF | Up | 15 ALS, 15 control | 61 ± 10.8 | ||
| HEBP1 | Q9NRV9 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Up | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| HDHD2 | Q9H0R4 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| HDHD2 | K7ER15 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Down | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HDGFRP3 | Q9Y3E1 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord | Up | 8 ALS, 7 control | 59 (52-61) | 36 (24-90) | |
| HDGF | P51858 | Leoni et al. 2019 | ALS fast – ALS slow (BO cohort) | PBMCs | Down | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HBEGF | Q99075 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| HBD | P02042 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | ALS fast – ALS slow (late stage) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HBD | P02042 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | ALS fast – ALS slow (early stage) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HBD | P02042 | Bereman et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Plasma | Up | 38 ALS, 30 control | |||
| HBD | P02042 | Umoh et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Frontal cortex | Down | 19 ALS, 10 control | 55 | 59 | 10.6 |
| HBD | P02042 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Up | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HBB | P68871 | Andrés-Benito et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 15 ALS, 15 control | 61 ± 10.8 | ||
| HBB | P68871 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | ALS fast – ALS slow (late stage) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HBB | P68871 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HBB | P68871 | Umoh et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Frontal cortex | Down | 19 ALS, 10 control | 55 | 59 | 10.6 |
| HBB | P68871 | Filareti et al. 2017 | Late ALS – Early ALS | PBMCs | Down | 4 Early-ALS, 4 Late-ALS | 50 ± 5 (Early-ALS), 80 ± 4 (Late-ALS) | ||
| HBB | P68871 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Up | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HBA2 | P69905 | Umoh et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Frontal cortex | Down | 19 ALS, 10 control | 55 | 59 | 10.6 |
| HBA2 | P69905 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Up | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HBA1 | P69905 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HBA1 | P69905 | Zubiri et al. 2018 | ALS fast – ALS slow (early stage) | Plasma | Down | 8 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow | 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) | ||
| HBA | P69905 | Chen et al. 2016 | ALS – Control | CSF | Up | 35 ALS, 10 control | 52.7 ±12.13 | ||
| HAVCR2 | Q8TDQ0 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| HARS1 | P12081 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| HAPLN2 | Q9GZV7 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Down | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HAPLN2 | Q9GZV7 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HADHB | P55084 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| HADH | A0A0A0MSE2 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Up | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| HACD3 | Q9P035 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| HABP2 | Q14520 | Vu et al. 2023 | ALS fast – ALS slow | CSF | Up | 6 ALS-fast, 5 ALS-slow | 54.3 (ALS-fast), 43.4 (ALS-slow) | 55.3 (ALS-fast), 52.2 (ALS-slow) | |
| HABP2 | Q14520 | Collins et al. 2015 | ALS – Control | CSF | Up | 90 ALS, 80 control | |||
| H4C1 | P62805 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Down | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| H2BC18 | Q5QNW6 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| H2BC12 | O60814 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Up | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| H2BC12 | O60814 | Leoni et al. 2019 | ALS fast – ALS slow (BO cohort) | PBMCs | Up | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| H2AZ2 | Q71UI9 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| H2AX | P16104 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Down | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| H2AC6 | Q93077 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Down | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| H2AC20 | Q16777 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| H1-4 | P10412 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| H1-4 | P10412 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| H1-3 | P16402 | Leoni et al. 2019 | ALS fast – ALS slow (BO cohort) | PBMCs | Down | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| GZMA | P12544 | Berrone et al. 2023 | sALS – Control | Plasma | Down | 8 sALS, 8 control | 62 ± 13 (sALS & fALS) | 64 ± 11 (sALS & fALS) | |
| GYPC | P04921 | Vassileff et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | Motor Cortex EVs | Down | 7 ALS, 3 control | |||
| GXYLT1 | Q4G148 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| GTPBP8 | C9J0K3 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| GSTP1 | P09211 | Andrés-Benito et al. 2020 | ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 15 ALS, 15 control | 61 ± 10.8 | ||
| GSTP1 | P09211 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| GSTP1 | P09211 | Filareti et al. 2017 | Late ALS – Early ALS | PBMCs | Down | 4 Early-ALS, 4 Late-ALS | 50 ± 5 (Early-ALS), 80 ± 4 (Late-ALS) | ||
| GSTP1 | P09211 | Collins et al. 2015 | ALS – Control | CSF | Down | 90 ALS, 80 control | |||
| GSTO1 | P78417 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | Plasma | Up | 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS | (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) | ||
| GSTO1 | P78417 | Leoni et al. 2019 | BO-ALS – LO-ALS | PBMCs | Up | 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS | (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) | ||
| GSTM3 | P21266 | Oeckl et al. 2020 | gALS – Control | CSF | Up | 14 gALS, 16 control | 54 (52-69) | 62 (53-75) | |
| GSTM2 | P28161 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Up | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| GSTK1 | Q9Y2Q3 | Iridoy et al. 2019 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (AH) | Down | 9 ALS, 8 control | 57.6 | 62.8 | |
| GSS | P48637 | Guise et al. 2023 | ALS – Control | Spinal cord (SMNs) | Down | 3 ALS, 3 control | 69.3 | 9.2 | |
| GSR | P00390 | Seyfried et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Prefrontal cortex | Up | 8 ALS, 8 control | 60 | 63.5 | 9.1 |
| GSN | P06396 | Barschke et al. 2020 | C9-ALS – C9-Control | CSF | Down | 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls | 60 (51-67) | ||
| GSN | P06396 | Xu et al. 2018 | ALS – Control | Plasma | Down | 42 ALS, 18 control | 61.8 ± 9.6 |