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Find MND Biomarker

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Find MND Biomarker

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Find MND Biomarker

Welcome to FindMNDBiomarker, an integrative database that consolidates the proteomic findings in brain tissue and biofluids (CSF and blood) from patients with motor neuron disease (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). FindMNDBiomarker is designed for users to quickly assess whether their proteins of interest have been identified in other cohorts and biosamples from patients with MND/ALS.

Purpose: The goal of this search platform is to facilitate the comparison and discovery of proteins that may serve as promising and reproducible biofluid biomarkers of brain-specific changes in MND/ALS and to identify markers that should be further targeted for analyses and validation.

Using this database: Searches can be performed by entering the protein UniProt IDs, names and sample types into the relevant search term box using free text entry. For example, entering ‘NEFL’ will generate a list of all publications in which NEFL was identified to be significantly dysregulated.

A searchable and filterable table is provided with the following columns:

  • Name: Gene name corresponding to the UniProt ID
  • UniProt ID: UniProt accession number
  • Publication: Study Reference
  • Condition: e.g.ALS – Control, ALS Fast – ALS Slow
  • Sample Type: Sample type used (Abbreviations: SMNs, single motor neurons; AH, anterior horn; PH, posterior horn)
  • Regulation: Direction of change (upregulated or downregulated)
  • Cohorts: Cohort size used for each study
  • Average age at onset ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at onset of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
  • Average age at collection ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at collection of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
  • Average PMI (range) (hours): Average postmortem interval with range (if provided by tissue studies)

To cite this database: Further details and application of this search tool are described in our manuscript “title” that can be located with this DOI:

The FindMNDBiomarker Program: Protein Changes in Motor Neuron Disease/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Postmortem Tissue and Biofluids 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.27300

Contact: For help contact [email protected]
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Total Records Found: 4574, showing 100 per page
Biomarker NameUniProt IDPublicationDisease GroupComparator GroupSample TypeRegulationCohortsAverage age at onsetAverage age at collectionAverage PMI
VGF Q9Y5U8 Vu et al. 2023 ALS fast ALS slow CSF Down 6 ALS-fast, 5 ALS-slow 54.3 (ALS-fast), 43.4 (ALS-slow) 55.3 (ALS-fast), 52.2 (ALS-slow) N/A
VEGFC P49767 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
VDAC3 Q9Y277 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
VDAC3 Q9Y277 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
VDAC3 Q9Y277 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
VDAC2 P45880 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
VDAC2 P45880 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
VDAC2 A0A0A0MR02 Zubiri et al. 2018 ALS fast (early stage) ALS slow (early stage) Plasma Up 6 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) N/A N/A
VDAC2 P45880 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
VDAC1 P21796 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
VDAC1 P21796 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
VCP P55072 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Up 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
VCP P55072 Zubiri et al. 2018 Late ALS (ALS slow cohort) Early ALS (ALS slow cohort) Plasma Down 6 ALS-fast, 6 ALS-slow 61.3 (48-67) (ALS-fast), 58.1 (35-71) (ALS-slow) N/A N/A
VCL P18206 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
VCL P18206 Filareti et al. 2017 Late ALS Early ALS PBMCs Up 16 Early-ALS, 16 Late-ALS N/A 50 ± 5 (Early-ALS), 80 ± 4 (Late-ALS) N/A
VCL P18206 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Up 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
VCL P18206 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
VCAN P13611 Hayashi et al. 2020 ALS Control CSF exosome-enriched fractions Up 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 74.3 N/A
VCAM1 E9PDD2 Vassileff et al. 2020 ALS Control Motor Cortex EVs Down 7 ALS, 3 control N/A N/A N/A
VAV1 P15498 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Up 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
VAT1L Q9HCJ6 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
VAT1L Q9HCJ6 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
VAT1L Q9HCJ6 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
VAT1 Q99536 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
VASN Q6EMK4 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
VASH1 Q7L8A9 Chia et al. 2025 ALS-C9orf72 ALS-non-C9orf72 Plasma Up 29 ALS-C9ord72, 202 ALS-non-C9orf72 N/A N/A N/A
VASH1 Q7L8A9 Chia et al. 2025 ALS-C9orf72 ALS-non-C9orf72 and Control Plasma Up 29 ALS-C9ord72, 202 ALS-non-C9orf72 plus 383 control N/A N/A N/A
VAPB O95292 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
VAPB O95292 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
VAPA Q9P0L0 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
VAPA Q9P0L0 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
VAPA Q9P0L0 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
VAMP2 P63027 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
USP5 P45974 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
USP14 P54578 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
USO1 O60763 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
UROD P06132 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UQCRH P07919 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
UQCRFS1 P47985 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UQCRFS1 P47985 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UQCRC2 P22695 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
UQCRC2 P22695 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UQCRC1 P31930 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UQCRC1 P31930 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
UQCRB P14927 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
UQCRB P14927 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
UQCRB P14927 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UQCR11 O14957 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UQCR10 Q9UDW1 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UNC5B Q8IZJ1 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UNC5B Q8IZJ1 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UNC5A Q6ZN44 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UNC5A Q6ZN44 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UMPS P11172 Filareti et al. 2017 Late ALS Early ALS PBMCs Down 16 Early-ALS, 16 Late-ALS N/A 50 ± 5 (Early-ALS), 80 ± 4 (Late-ALS) N/A
ULBP2 Q9BZM5 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Down 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
UGP2 Q16851 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UGGT1 Q9NYU2 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
UGGT1 Q9NYU2 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UGGT1 Q9NYU2 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
UCHL1 P09936 Dellar et al. 2023 ALS Healthy control CSF Up 40 ALS, 15 healthy control, 8 disease control 59.9 ± 12.2 61.8 ± 11.0 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Oh et al. 2023 ALS Control CSF Up 20 ALS, 20 control N/A 59 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Zhou et al. 2023 BO-ALS Control CSF Up 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Zhou et al. 2023 SO-ALS Control CSF Up 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control CSF Up 26 ALS, 16 control N/A N/A N/A
UCHL1 P09936 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBLCP1 Q8WVY7 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBL7 Q96S82 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
UBE2V2 Q15819 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UBE2V2 Q15819 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
UBE2O Q9C0C9 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2N F8VZ29 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2N P61088 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
UBE2N P61088 Filareti et al. 2017 Late ALS Early ALS PBMCs Down 16 Early-ALS, 16 Late-ALS N/A 50 ± 5 (Early-ALS), 80 ± 4 (Late-ALS) N/A
UBE2N P61088 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2M P61081 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2L3 P68036 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2L3 P68036 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
UBE2L3 P68036 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UBE2H C9JZG9 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2D3 P61077 Umoh et al. 2018 ALS Control Frontal cortex Down 19 ALS, 10 control 55 59 10.6
UBE2D3 D6RAW0 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBE2D2 A0A0A0MQU3 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UBC F5H265 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
UBASH3B Q8TF42 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
UBA52 P62987 Vu et al. 2023 ALS fast ALS slow CSF Up 6 ALS-fast, 5 ALS-slow 54.3 (ALS-fast), 43.4 (ALS-slow) 55.3 (ALS-fast), 52.2 (ALS-slow)
UBA52 P62987 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
UBA52 P62987 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
TYRO3 Q06418 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
TYMP C9JGI3 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
TXNL1 O43396 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
TXNDC5 Q8NBS9 Zhou et al. 2023 SO-ALS Control CSF Down 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
TXNDC17 Q9BRA2 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
TXNDC12 O95881 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Up 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)