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Find MND Biomarker

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Find MND Biomarker

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Find MND Biomarker

Welcome to FindMNDBiomarker, an integrative database that consolidates the proteomic findings in brain tissue and biofluids (CSF and blood) from patients with motor neuron disease (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). FindMNDBiomarker is designed for users to quickly assess whether their proteins of interest have been identified in other cohorts and biosamples from patients with MND/ALS.

Purpose: The goal of this search platform is to facilitate the comparison and discovery of proteins that may serve as promising and reproducible biofluid biomarkers of brain-specific changes in MND/ALS and to identify markers that should be further targeted for analyses and validation.

Using this database: Searches can be performed by entering the protein UniProt IDs, names and sample types into the relevant search term box using free text entry. For example, entering ‘NEFL’ will generate a list of all publications in which NEFL was identified to be significantly dysregulated.

A searchable and filterable table is provided with the following columns:

  • Name: Gene name corresponding to the UniProt ID
  • UniProt ID: UniProt accession number
  • Publication: Study Reference
  • Condition: e.g.ALS – Control, ALS Fast – ALS Slow
  • Sample Type: Sample type used (Abbreviations: SMNs, single motor neurons; AH, anterior horn; PH, posterior horn)
  • Regulation: Direction of change (upregulated or downregulated)
  • Cohorts: Cohort size used for each study
  • Average age at onset ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at onset of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
  • Average age at collection ± standard deviation/age range: Average age at collection of ALS cohorts with standard deviation or age range (if provided by publication)
  • Average PMI (range) (hours): Average postmortem interval with range (if provided by tissue studies)

To cite this database: Further details and application of this search tool are described in our manuscript “title” that can be located with this DOI:

The FindMNDBiomarker Program: Protein Changes in Motor Neuron Disease/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Postmortem Tissue and Biofluids 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.27300

Contact: For help contact [email protected]
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Total Records Found: 4574, showing 100 per page
Biomarker NameUniProt IDPublicationDisease GroupComparator GroupSample TypeRegulationCohortsAverage age at onsetAverage age at collectionAverage PMI
ELAVL2 Q12926 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
ELAVL1 Q15717 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Up 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
EIF5A2 F8WCJ1 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF5A P63241 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EIF5A I3L504 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
EIF5A P63241 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EIF5 P55010 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF4H Q15056 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF4H Q15056 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF4G3 O43432 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
EIF4ENIF1 Q9NRA8 Collins et al. 2015 ALS Control CSF Up 90 ALS, 80 control N/A N/A N/A
EIF4E P06730 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF4B B4DS13 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF4B P23588 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EIF4A2 Q14240 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EIF4A1 P60842 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EIF4A1 P60842 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EIF4A1 P60842 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
EIF3J O75822 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
EIF3J O75822 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EIF3I Q13347 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EIF3D B4DVY1 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF3D O15371 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EIF3A Q14152 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EIF2S3 P41091 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EIF2S2 P20042 Chia et al. 2025 ALS-C9orf72 ALS-non-C9orf72 Plasma Up 29 ALS-C9ord72, 202 ALS-non-C9orf72 N/A N/A N/A
EIF2S2 P20042 Chia et al. 2025 ALS-C9orf72 ALS-non-C9orf72 and Control Plasma Up 29 ALS-C9ord72, 202 ALS-non-C9orf72 plus 383 control N/A N/A N/A
EIF2S1 P05198 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EIF2S1 H0YJS4 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF1B O60739 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EIF1AX P47813 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EIF1 P41567 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EHHADH Q08426 Collins et al. 2015 ALS Control CSF Up 90 ALS, 80 control N/A N/A N/A
EHD3 Q9NZN3 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
EHD1 Q9H4M9 Vassileff et al. 2020 ALS Control Motor Cortex EVs Down 7 ALS, 3 control N/A N/A N/A
EGFR P00533 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EGFR P00533 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EFNB2 P52799 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EFNB2 P52799 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EFNA5 P52803 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EFNA5 P52803 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EFNA3 P52797 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EFNA3 P52797 Vu et al. 2023 ALS fast ALS slow CSF Up 6 ALS-fast, 5 ALS-slow 54.3 (ALS-fast), 43.4 (ALS-slow) 55.3 (ALS-fast), 52.2 (ALS-slow)
EFNA3 P52797 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
EFNA1 P20827 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
EFNA1 P20827 Zhou et al. 2023 BO-ALS Control CSF Up 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
EFHD2 Q96C19 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EFHD2 Q96C19 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Up 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EFEMP2 O95967 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
EFEMP1 Q12805 Katzeff et al. 2020 ALS Control Serum Down 28 ALS, 22 control N/A 52.7 N/A
EFEMP1 Q12805 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
EFCAB14 O75071 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EEF2 P13639 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EEF1G P26641 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EEF1G P26641 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EEF1G P26641 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Down 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EEF1E1 H0YAL7 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EEF1E1 O43324 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EEF1D P29692 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EEF1B2 P24534 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
EEF1A2 Q05639 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Up 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
EEF1A2 Q05639 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
EEF1A1 P68104 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
EEF1A1 P68104 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
EEF1A1 P68104 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
EDIL3 O43854 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
EDIL3 O43854 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
EDIL3 O43854 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
EDA2R Q9HAV5 Chia et al. 2025 ALS Control Plasma Up 231 ALS, 384 control (214 healthy control, 170 other neurological conditions) N/A 65.1 ± 10.8 N/A
ECPAS Q5VYK3 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
ECM2 O94769 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
ECM2 O94769 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
ECM2 O94769 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Up 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
ECI2 O75521 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
ECHS1 P30084 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
ECHDC1 Q9NTX5 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Up 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
ECE1 P42892 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Up 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
DYNLL2 Q96FJ2 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
DYNLL2 Q96FJ2 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
DYNLL1 P63167 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
DYNC1LI2 O43237 Zhou et al. 2023 BO-ALS SO-ALS CSF Up 4 BO-ALS, 5 SO-ALS, 5 control 63.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 51.2 ± 6.26 (SO-ALS) 64.25 ± 8.02 (BO-ALS), 52 ± 6.44 (SO-ALS) N/A
DYNC1LI1 Q9Y6G9 Seyfried et al. 2018 ALS Control Prefrontal cortex Down 8 ALS, 8 control 60 63.5 9.1
DYNC1I2 Q13409 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS PBMCs Up 12 BO-ALS, 12 LO-ALS (39-76) (BO-ALS), (33-81) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
DYNC1I2 Q13409 Guise et al. 2024 ALS Control Spinal cord (SMNs) Down 3 ALS, 3 control N/A 69.3 9.2
DYNC1I2 Q13409 Barschke et al. 2020 C9-ALS C9-Control CSF Up 16 C9-ALS, 11 asymptomatic C9-controls N/A 60 (51-67) N/A
DYNC1I1 O14576 Vassileff et al. 2020 ALS Control Motor Cortex EVs Up 7 ALS, 3 control N/A N/A N/A
DYNC1I1 O14576 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
DUSP3 P51452 Oeckl et al. 2020 ALS Control Spinal cord Down 8 ALS, 7 control N/A 59 (52-61) 36 (24-90)
DUSP29 Q68J44 Chia et al. 2025 ALS Control Plasma Up 231 ALS, 384 control (214 healthy control, 170 other neurological conditions) N/A 65.1 ± 10.8 N/A
DTNB O60941 Chia et al. 2025 ALS Control Plasma Up 231 ALS, 384 control (214 healthy control, 170 other neurological conditions) N/A 65.1 ± 10.8 N/A
DTD1 Q8TEA8 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Sporadic ALS CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 35 sALS 53.9 ± 11.5, 56.4 ± 8.9 56.7 ± 10.9, 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
DTD1 Q8TEA8 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Down 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
DTD1 Q8TEA8 Iridoy et al. 2018 ALS Control Spinal cord (AH) Down 9 ALS, 8 control 57.6 62.8 N/A
DTD1 Q8TEA8 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic Control CSF Down 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic, 44 control N/A 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
DSTN P60981 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS Control CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 44 control 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7 N/A
DSTN F6RFD5 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
DSTN P60981 Trautwig et al. 2025 Sporadic ALS Control CSF Up 35 sALS, 44 control 53.9 ± 11.5 56.7 ± 10.9 N/A
DSTN P60981 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A
DST E7ERU0 Leoni et al. 2019 BO-ALS LO-ALS Plasma Down 14 BO-ALS, 16 LO-ALS (45-85) (BO-ALS), (40-76) (LO-ALS) N/A N/A
DSG2 Q14126 Trautwig et al. 2025 C9orf72 ALS C9orf72 ALS Asymptomatic CSF Up 10 C9-ALS, 6 C9-ALS Asymptomatic 56.4 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.7, 51.5 ± 18.5 N/A